|
“to protect and enhance Maine's soil and water resources by providing educational programs, conservation information and technical assistance to municipalities, schools, landowners and residents of Kennebec County." |
TREES
30 TO 100 FEET IN HEIGHT For more information on any of these plants use this link: PLANTS DATABASEDECIDUOUSBasswood (Tilia americana) Also known as Linden. Grows 60 to 80 feet. A lush, ornamental shade tree with large leaves and fragrant white flowers in summer. Sun to shade. Rich, moist soil. Not tolerant of salt. Zone 3 N Beech (Fagus grandifolia) Grows to 70 feet. Has a short trunk with a wide, rounded crown and smooth bark. Attractive, light-green leaves create dense shade. Leaves hang on after turning yellow to brown in the fall. Full sun. Rich, moist soil. Good for birds. Zone 3 N Bigtooth Aspen (Populus grandidentata) Grows to 60 feet with a narrow, round-topped crown. Leaves flutter in the wind like quaking aspen. Rapid growth. Full sun. Does best in rich, moist, sandy soil but tolerates drier soils. Good for birds. Zones 3-4 N Box Elder (Acer negundo) Grows to 50 feet with a 30 foot spread. Short trunk and stout branches provide a deep, broad crown. Compound leaves. Rapid growth. Full to part-sun. Moist soil. Found naturally along stream and lake edges. Used as an ornamental in parks and along roads. Zone 4 N Cottonwood (Populus deltoides) Grows to 80 feet with a high, pyramidal crown. Large leaves. Cottony seeds evident in late spring. Rapid growth. Full sun. Moist soil. Found in rich, moist soil near streams and lakes. Good for grouse. Branches may break in storms. Zone 4 European Alder
(Alnus glutinosa)
Grows to 60 feet. Used as an
ornamental. Rapid growth. Full to part-sun. Tolerates
poor drainage and wet soil. Interesting
catkins. Zone
4 Green Ash (Fraxinus
pennsylvanica) Grows to 60
feet. Attractive shade tree. Compound
leaves. Rapid growth.
Full to part-sun. Dry to wet
soil. Tolerates flooding and salt.
Found along rivers and streams. Yellow
fall color. Zone
3 N Honey Locust
(Gleditsia triacanthos)
Grows to 80 feet (50 in Northern New England) with a broad, flat-topped
crown. Compound leaves are graceful
and lacy. Long, interesting seed
pods. Thorns on trunk and branches.
Full sun. Moist, fertile
soil. Tolerates poor drainage and
salt. Yellow fall color.
Zones 4-5 Katsura Tree (Cercidiphyllum japonicum) Grows to 60 feet with a 30 foot spread. Nice form. Used as an ornamental. Bluish-green leaves are orange and smell spicy in fall. Full sun. Moist, well-drained soil. Zones 4-5 Littleleaf Linden
(Tilia cordata)
Grows to 50 feet with a 35 foot spread and an upright, oval crown.
Dark-green leaves and fragrant, yellow flowers in early summer.
Full sun. Adaptable to a
variety of soils and conditions. Zone
3 Mountain Ash
(Sorbus alnifolia & aucuparia)
These are similar to ornamental mountain ashes.
Grow from 35 to 50 feet with a 20 foot spread (larger than the American
Mountain Ash). Fine, compound
leaves turn from green to varying shades of brilliant yellow to red in the fall.
Clusters of white flowers in spring, followed by red berries in fall.
Full to part-sun. Moist
soil. Good for birds. Zone 3 Northern
Red Oak (Quercus
rubra) Grows to 70 feet with a
similar spread A ‘grand tree’
with reddish-brown bark and dark-green leaves.
Leaves are brown and persistent into late fall.
Rapid growth. Full sun. Moist
to dry soil. Zone 3 N
Paper Birch
(Betula papyrifera)
Also called White Birch. Grows
to 70 feet with a 35 foot spread and an irregular, pyramidal crown.
Often found in clumps of 3 or more and used ornamentally.
Interesting snow-white bark that peels horizontally.
Found along lakes and streams. Tolerates
occasional flooding and drought. Rapid
growth. Full sun.
Does best in moist, well-drained soil.
Good for birds. Zone
3 N Quaking Aspen
(Populus tremuloides)
Also called Popple. Can grow
to 60 feet but usually less. Narrow,
rounded crown. Nice yellow to gold
fall color. Leaves quiver in the
breeze, making a soft rustling sound. Rapid
growth. Short-lived. Full sun. Moist
to dry soil. Tolerates a wide
variety of conditions. Tolerates
heat and some salt. Not flood
tolerant. Good for wildlife and
birds. Preferred food of beavers.
Likely to lose trees if active beavers in the area.
Found in clearcuts, after fires and in old fields.
Zone 3
N Red Maple
(Acer rubrum)
Grows to 60 feet with a 35 foot spread.
Nice early red spring flowers and good red fall color.
Used as an ornamental. Rapid
growth. Full to part-sun. Prefers moist, acid soil but tolerates a wide variety of
conditions. Tolerates wet soil and
flooding. Not salt tolerant. Found along swamps and lakes.
Zone 3 N River Birch
(Betula nigra)
Also can be found in a dwarf variety.
Grows to 70 feet with a 50 foot spread.
Short trunk is often divided into several arching limbs forming an
irregular crown. Gray to
brownish-red bark is attractive in winter.
Full sun. Best in moist
soil. Tolerates poor drainage and
flooding. Found along river and
lake banks. Zones
4-5 N Silver Maple
(Acer saccharinum)
Grows to 70 feet or more with a 45 foot spread.
Attractive tree with graceful, arching branches.
Bright-green leaves have a silvery-white underside.
Good yellow fall color. Rapid
growth. Full sun. Best
on moist, well-drained soil but tolerates several weeks of flooding.
Found along river banks and bottom lands.
Used ornamentally. Good for
birds and wildlife. Zone
3 N Sugar Maple
(Acer saccharum)
Grows to 80 feet or more with a 40 foot spread.
Good shade tree with classic shape if grown in the open.
Excellent yellow to red fall color.
Full sun best but tolerates some shade.
Moist, well-drained soil. Does
not tolerate wet or compacted soil. Sensitive
to salt. Found in upland areas
throughout New England. Zone
3 N Swamp White Oak
(Quercus bicolor)
Grows to 60 feet with
similar spread. Produces quantities
of acorns. Poor fall color. Full sun. Moist
to wet soil. Scraggy, peeling
branches make it less appealing as an ornamental but its value lies in its
tolerance of swampy, poorly-drained conditions.
Good for wildlife. Zones 4-5 N Weeping Willow
(Salix alba var. Tristis or
Salix babylonica or Salix niobe)
Grows to 70 feet with a similar spread.
Graceful, drooping branches with long, slender leaves with pale, silvery
undersides. Interesting ornamental
or specimen tree. Drops a lot of leaves and branches. Rapid growth. Full
sun. Moist to wet soils.
Zone 3 White Ash
(Fraxinus americana)
Grows to 80 feet. A tall,
slender tree with good yellow fall color. In
the open the tree can become quite spreading.
Compound leaves. Rapid
growth. Full sun. Best
on moist, well-drained soil but tolerates poor drainage and heavy soil.
Often found growing near water. Good
for birds. Zone 3
N Yellow Birch (Betula alleghaniensis) Grows to 80 feet with a 50 foot spread. Attractive golden, peeling bark on older specimens. Part-sun to shade. Moist soil. Found near streams. Good for birds. Zone 3 N
EVERGREEN
Austrian Pine
(Pinus nigra)
Grows to 100 feet with a 30 foot spread.
A large, wide, dense tree with long, dark-green needles.
Branches occur down to the base of the trunk.
Large, interesting cones. Full
sun. Moist to dry soil. Zone 4 Balsam Fir
(Abies balsamea)
Grows to 50 feet with a 25 foot spread.
Straight, conical tree with horizontal branches.
Typical Christmas tree shape. Short,
dark-green, fragrant needles. Small,
light-brown cones. Also available
in dwarf forms. Sun to part-sun.
Prefers cool, moist, upland soil. Good
for wildlife and birds. Zone
3 N Black Spruce
(Picea mariana)
Grows to 50 feet. A very
narrow, straight tree with thin, somewhat pendulous branches.
Short, blue-green needles and small cones.
Full sun. Moist soil.
Tolerates poor, poorly-drained, swampy conditions.
Good for birds and small wildlife. Zone 3 N Colorado Blue Spruce
(Picea pungens) Many
varieties available with different heights.
Grows to 100 feet with a 20 foot spread. A tall, narrow tree with dense, silver-blue to blue-green
foliage. Needles are medium-length
and sharp. Branches occur in
regular whorls. Very ornamental.
Full sun. Prefers moist soil
but will do well in dry areas also. Good
for birds. Native to the Rockies. Zone
3 Hemlock
(Tsuga canadensis)
Grows to 80 feet with a 30 foot spread.
Large, irregular, pyramidal tree. Small,
deep-green needles with a loose, feathery appearance.
Graceful appearance. Small,
interesting cones. Also available
in dwarf forms. Sun to shade.
Does best in cool, moist, well-drained soil.
Tolerates shade and some flooding. Zone 3 N Japanese Black Pine
(Pinus thunbergii) Can
grow to 80 feet but usually only to 50. Irregular
open habit with wide-spreading, horizontal branches.
Bright-green needles and attractive brown cones.
Full sun. Sandy, acid soil. Salt tolerant. Drought
tolerant. Good for shore plantings.
Zone 5 Larch
(Larix laricina)
Also called Tamarack and Hackmatack.
Grows to 65 feet. A narrow,
upright open tree with horizontal branches and graceful, sweeping twigs.
Fine, light-green needles with a lacy appearance turn yellow in fall and
drop off (not really an evergreen). Full
sun. Prefers moist soil but
tolerates poor, wet soil and flooding. Found
in wetlands. Zone
3 N Norway Spruce
(Picea abies)
Grows to 100 feet. Tall,
dense, attractive, conical tree with drooping branches and branchlets.
Can be 30 feet across at the base. Makes
an excellent windbreak. Many
varieties available. Full sun.
Moist soil. Good for birds and wildlife.
Zone 3 Red Pine
(Pinus resinosa)
Also called Norway Pine. Grows
to 80 feet. Large, handsome,
straight tree with horizontal branching, often limited to the top third of the
tree in older specimens. Long,
dark-green, stiff needles and nice cones. Interesting,
reddish bark. Rapid growth. Full
sun. Best in dry, sandy soil.
Tolerates poor soil. Found
on dry, rocky ridges. First
discovered near Norway, Maine. Zone
3 N White Cedar
(Thuja occidentalis)
Also called Arbor Vitae. Grows
to 60 feet and 25 feet across at the base..
A dense, oval or pyramidal tree with flat, green, aromatic foliage. Makes a good hedge and windbreak. Can be sheared but has an attractive form on its own.
Many varieties available, including dwarf forms.
Sun to part-sun. Moist soil
best. Tolerates dry, sandy to wet soils. Tolerates flooding and occasional drought.
Found in wet soils and swampy areas.
Good for birds and wildlife. Zone
3 N White Pine
(Pinus strobus)
Grows to 100 feet with a 40 foot spread.
A large, open tree with horizontal branching.
Branches occur to the base in open-grown specimens.
Long, soft, blue-green needles give a softer overall appearance than Red
Pine. Several varieties available.
Can be pruned to hedges and windbreaks.
Rapid growth. Sun to part-sun. Moist
soil best but tolerates dry soil. Does
not tolerate salt or flooding. Good
for birds and wildlife. Zone
3 N White Spruce (Picea glauca) Grows to 65 feet. A large, conical tree with horizontal branching and dark-green to bluish foliage. Broader and fuller than black spruce. Slow growth and a somewhat disagreeable odor when needles are bruised. Makes a good windbreak. Several forms available. Full sun. Moist soil. Tolerates a variety of conditions. Common on lake shores. Good for birds and wildlife. Zone 3 N
|
